The 25 Best Things to Do in Edinburgh

Edinburgh is a city of contrasts, where the medieval Old Town's narrow wynds and closes stand in stark relief against the elegant Georgian avenues of the New Town. This juxtaposition of ancient and modern isn't just architectural – it's the essence of Edinburgh itself. Here, you can start your day exploring a 12th-century castle, spend the afternoon in cutting-edge art galleries, and end the evening at a centuries-old pub, rubbing elbows with locals over a dram of whisky.

But Edinburgh is more than just a living museum. It's a vibrant, dynamic city that pulses with energy, especially during the world-famous Edinburgh Festival Fringe in August. The city's literary legacy (it was the world's first UNESCO City of Literature) is evident in the many bookshops and literary tours. And let's not forget the natural beauty – from the craggy peak of Arthur's Seat to the serene Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh offers plenty of green spaces to balance its urban charms.

Whether you're a history buff, a culture vulture, a foodie, or an outdoor enthusiast, Edinburgh has something to offer. So pack your most comfortable walking shoes (those cobblestone streets are no joke), bring layers for the famously changeable Scottish weather, and get ready to explore the best that Edinburgh has to offer.

Explore the Majestic Edinburgh Castle

Perched atop an extinct volcano, Edinburgh Castle dominates the city skyline and offers a journey through Scotland's turbulent history. As you climb the winding path to the castle gates, you'll feel like you're stepping back in time. Inside, you'll find a treasure trove of Scottish heritage, from the glittering Crown Jewels to the Stone of Destiny, used for centuries in the coronation of Scottish monarchs. Don't miss the One O'Clock Gun, fired daily (except Sundays) since 1861 to help ships in the Firth of Forth set their maritime clocks.

Key Information:

• Location: Castlehill, Edinburgh EH1 2NG
• Hours: Summer (Apr-Sep) 9:30am-6pm, Winter (Oct-Mar) 9:30am-5pm
• Admission: Adults £18, Children (5-15) £11

Why Visit: Edinburgh Castle is the beating heart of Scotland's capital, offering unparalleled views and a deep dive into Scottish history.

Insider Tip: Visit first thing in the morning to beat the crowds, and don't forget to check out the hidden Dog Cemetery, where loyal canine companions of regimental officers were laid to rest.

Stroll Down the Royal Mile

The Royal Mile, stretching from Edinburgh Castle to Holyrood Palace, is the backbone of the Old Town and a microcosm of Scottish history. This cobblestone street is actually slightly longer than a mile and is packed with attractions, shops, and some of Edinburgh's best pubs. As you wander down, keep an eye out for the hidden closes (narrow alleyways) that branch off the main thoroughfare – each has its own story to tell. Stop by St. Giles' Cathedral, with its distinctive crown spire, or pop into one of the many whisky shops for a taste of Scotland's national drink.

Key Information:

• Location: Royal Mile, Edinburgh EH1 2PB
• Hours: 24/7 (individual attraction hours vary)
• Admission: Free to walk (individual attractions may have fees)

Why Visit: The Royal Mile offers a concentrated dose of Edinburgh's history, architecture, and culture in one iconic street.

Insider Tip: Look out for the Heart of Midlothian, a heart-shaped mosaic in the pavement. Locals spit on it for luck – feel free to join in this quirky tradition!

Climb Arthur's Seat for Panoramic Views

Who says you can't go hiking in the middle of a capital city? Arthur's Seat, the main peak in Holyrood Park, offers a wilderness experience right in Edinburgh's backyard. This extinct volcano rises 822 feet above sea level and provides panoramic views of the city and beyond. The hike takes about an hour and can be steep in places, but the payoff is worth it. On a clear day, you can see all the way to the Forth Bridges and the highlands beyond.

Key Information:

• Location: Queen's Drive, Edinburgh EH8 8HG
• Hours: 24/7
• Admission: Free

Why Visit: Arthur's Seat offers unbeatable views of Edinburgh and a chance to experience wild Scotland without leaving the city.

Insider Tip: Sunrise or sunset hikes are particularly magical, but bring a flashlight and be extra cautious on the path if you're hiking in low light.

Discover Scotland's Treasures at the National Museum

The National Museum of Scotland is a wonderland of Scottish culture, history, and natural heritage. From the skeleton of a T-rex to the stuffed body of Dolly the Sheep (the first cloned mammal), the museum's collections are diverse and fascinating. The Grand Gallery, with its soaring glass ceiling and intricate ironwork, is worth a visit in itself. Don't miss the Scottish history exhibits, which bring to life everything from ancient Picts to the Jacobite risings.

Key Information:

• Location: Chambers Street, Edinburgh EH1 1JF
• Hours: 10:00am - 5:00pm daily
• Admission: Free (donations welcome)

Why Visit: The National Museum offers a comprehensive look at Scottish history and culture, all under one (very beautiful) roof.

Insider Tip: Head to the roof terrace for fantastic views of Edinburgh Castle and the Old Town skyline – it's a bit of a hidden gem that many visitors miss.

Wander Through the Royal Botanic Garden

For a peaceful respite from the bustle of the city, head to the Royal Botanic Garden. Established in 1670, these gardens are a living museum of plants from around the world. The beautifully manicured lawns, vibrant flowerbeds, and tranquil ponds make for a lovely stroll any time of year. Don't miss the Victorian Temperate Palm House, one of the tallest of its kind in Britain, filled with exotic palms and other tropical plants.

Key Information:

• Location: Arboretum Place, Edinburgh EH3 5NZ
• Hours: Vary by season, generally 10:00am - 4:00pm or 6:00pm
• Admission: Gardens are free, small fee for Glasshouses

Why Visit: The Botanic Garden offers a green oasis in the heart of the city, perfect for a leisurely walk or a picnic on a sunny day.

Insider Tip: Visit in late spring to see the rhododendrons in full bloom – it's a spectacular sight that shouldn't be missed.

Step Back in Time at the Palace of Holyroodhouse

At the opposite end of the Royal Mile from Edinburgh Castle sits the Palace of Holyroodhouse, the official residence of the British monarch in Scotland. This working royal palace is steeped in history, from Mary Queen of Scots' chambers to the State Apartments used for official ceremonies today. The ruins of Holyrood Abbey, founded in 1128, add an extra layer of historical intrigue to your visit.

Key Information:

• Location: Canongate, Edinburgh EH8 8DX
• Hours: 9:30am - 4:30pm (Nov-Mar), 9:30am - 6:00pm (Apr-Oct)
• Admission: Adults £17.50, Children (5-17) £10

Why Visit: Holyroodhouse offers a glimpse into the lives of Scottish royalty past and present, set against the dramatic backdrop of Arthur's Seat.

Insider Tip: If you're visiting in July, you might catch a glimpse of the Queen's Garden Party – even if you can't attend, the atmosphere in the area is festive and fun.

Uncover Secrets at The Real Mary King's Close

Descend beneath the Royal Mile to The Real Mary King's Close, a network of hidden streets frozen in time since the 17th century. This underground world offers a fascinating glimpse into Edinburgh life during the plague years. Guided tours bring the close's history to life with tales of the real people who lived and died here. It's a bit spooky, very atmospheric, and utterly unforgettable.

Key Information:

• Location: 2 Warriston's Close, Edinburgh EH1 1PG
• Hours: 10:00am - 9:00pm (Apr-Oct), 10:00am - 5:00pm (Nov-Mar)
• Admission: Adults £19.95, Children (5-15) £13.95

Why Visit: Mary King's Close offers a unique, immersive look at a little-known aspect of Edinburgh's history.

Insider Tip: If you're claustrophobic, this might not be for you – the spaces can be tight and dark in places.

Take a Stroll Along the Water of Leith

The Water of Leith Walkway is a hidden gem that many tourists miss. This 12-mile path follows the river from Balerno to Leith, passing through some of Edinburgh's most charming neighborhoods. The section from Stockbridge to Dean Village is particularly picturesque, with its leafy paths, historic mill buildings, and the stunning Dean Bridge towering overhead. Keep an eye out for herons, kingfishers, and even otters along the way.

Key Information:

• Location: Various access points, including Stockbridge and Dean Village
• Hours: 24/7
• Admission: Free

Why Visit: The Water of Leith offers a peaceful escape from the city and a chance to see a different side of Edinburgh.

Insider Tip: Stop by the Water of Leith Visitor Centre in Slateford for maps and information before you start your walk.

Explore the Ruins of Craigmillar Castle

Often overshadowed by its more famous cousin on Castle Rock, Craigmillar Castle is a hidden treasure that's well worth a visit. This remarkably well-preserved 14th-century castle was a favorite retreat of Mary Queen of Scots. Climb to the top of the tower house for panoramic views of Edinburgh, or explore the nooks and crannies of the castle's many rooms and passageways. The surrounding park is perfect for a picnic on a sunny day.

Key Information:

• Location: Craigmillar Castle Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SY
• Hours: 10:00am - 4:00pm daily (closed Thursdays and Fridays in winter)
• Admission: Adults £6, Children (5-15) £3.60

Why Visit: Craigmillar offers a less crowded, more intimate castle experience with plenty of history and atmosphere.

Insider Tip: If you're a fan of Outlander, you might recognize Craigmillar as a filming location from Season 3.

Sample Rare Whiskies at The Scotch Malt Whisky Society

For whisky enthusiasts, a visit to The Scotch Malt Whisky Society is a must. This members' club is open to the public and offers the chance to taste some of the rarest and most unusual single cask whiskies in the world. The society's tasting notes are famously poetic, adding an extra layer of fun to the experience. Even if you're not a whisky expert, the knowledgeable staff can guide you to a dram you'll love.

Key Information:

• Location: The Vaults, 87 Giles Street, Leith, Edinburgh EH6 6BZ
• Hours: 12:00pm - 11:00pm (Mon-Sat), 12:00pm - 7:00pm (Sun)
• Admission: Free entry, tasting experiences from £25

Why Visit: The SMWS offers a chance to taste whiskies you won't find anywhere else, in a beautiful historic setting.

Insider Tip: Book a tasting flight to sample a range of whiskies and learn about the distilling process.

Dive into Medical History at Surgeons' Hall Museums

Not for the faint of heart, the Surgeons' Hall Museums offer a fascinating (if sometimes gruesome) look into the history of surgery and anatomy. The museums house one of the largest and most historic collections of surgical pathology in the world. From ancient Roman surgical instruments to modern-day medical marvels, the exhibits cover the full spectrum of medical history. The famous Burke and Hare murders, which supplied cadavers to the medical school, are also explored here.

Key Information:

• Location: Nicolson Street, Edinburgh EH8 9DW
• Hours: 10:00am - 5:00pm daily
• Admission: Adults £8, Concessions £6

Why Visit: Surgeons' Hall offers a unique and educational look at the history of medicine, with some truly unforgettable exhibits.

Insider Tip: The museum can be quite graphic in places, so it might not be suitable for young children or those with a weak stomach.

Experience Contemporary Art at Jupiter Artland

For a different kind of art experience, head to Jupiter Artland, a unique sculpture park and art gallery set in 100 acres of meadow and woodland. Here, world-renowned artists have created site-specific works that interact with the landscape in surprising and delightful ways. From Antony Gormley's mysterious figures to Charles Jencks' sweeping landforms, the artworks here encourage exploration and contemplation.

Key Information:

• Location: Bonnington House Steadings, Wilkieston, Edinburgh EH27 8BY
• Hours: 10:00am - 5:00pm (May-Sep), closed in winter
• Admission: Adults £10, Children (6-16) £5

Why Visit: Jupiter Artland offers a unique blend of art and nature, perfect for those looking for something off the beaten path.

Insider Tip: Wear sturdy shoes and be prepared for a bit of a walk – the artworks are spread out over a large area.

Enjoy a Pint at The Sheep Heid Inn

After a day of exploring, unwind at The Sheep Heid Inn, reputedly Scotland's oldest pub. Dating back to 1360, this cozy tavern has hosted royalty (including, allegedly, Mary Queen of Scots and King James VI) and commoners alike over its long history. Today, it offers a great selection of local ales and traditional Scottish fare. Don't miss the chance to play a game on their Victorian-era skittle alley – it's one of the last of its kind in Scotland.

Key Information:

• Location: 43-45 The Causeway, Edinburgh EH15 3QA
• Hours: 11:00am - 11:00pm (Sun-Thu), 11:00am - 12:00am (Fri-Sat)
• Admission: Free entry, food and drink prices vary

Why Visit: The Sheep Heid Inn offers a chance to drink in history (literally) in a charming, off-the-tourist-track location.

Insider Tip: If you're visiting in winter, grab a seat by the roaring fire for the full cozy pub experience.

Join the Festival Frenzy at the Edinburgh Fringe

Every August, Edinburgh transforms into the world's largest arts festival during the Edinburgh Festival Fringe. For three weeks, the city is packed with thousands of performances across hundreds of venues, from big-name comedians in grand theaters to experimental plays in tiny backrooms. The atmosphere is electric, with street performers lining the Royal Mile and pop-up bars and food stalls everywhere. It's chaotic, exciting, and utterly unforgettable.

Key Information:

• Location: Various venues across Edinburgh
• Dates: Usually early to late August
• Admission: Varies by show, many free performances available

Why Visit: The Fringe offers a chance to see world-class performances and be part of a truly unique cultural phenomenon.

Insider Tip: Book accommodation well in advance if you're visiting during the Fringe – the city fills up quickly!

Ring in the New Year at Hogmanay

Edinburgh's Hogmanay is one of the world's greatest New Year celebrations. The festivities last for three days, culminating in a massive street party on New Year's Eve. Expect live music, fireworks over Edinburgh Castle, and the unforgettable experience of joining thousands of revelers in singing "Auld Lang Syne" as the clock strikes midnight. The next day, brave souls can participate in the "Loony Dook," a chilly dip in the Firth of Forth.

Key Information:

• Location: Various venues across Edinburgh
• Dates: December 30 - January 1
• Admission: Varies by event, street party tickets around £30

Why Visit: Hogmanay offers a chance to experience Scottish hospitality at its finest and start the new year with a bang.

Insider Tip: The Torchlight Procession on December 30 is a spectacular sight – join in or watch from the sidelines.

Marvel at the Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo

Set against the dramatic backdrop of Edinburgh Castle, the Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo is a thrilling display of military pageantry. The show features performances from military bands and drill teams from around the world, as well as dancers, fiddlers, and the haunting sounds of the Lone Piper. The grand finale, with massed pipes and drums, is an unforgettable spectacle.

Key Information:

• Location: Edinburgh Castle Esplanade
• Dates: Usually throughout August
• Admission: Tickets range from £25 to £90

Why Visit: The Tattoo offers a unique blend of Scottish tradition and international performances in an iconic setting.

Insider Tip: Bring a warm layer – even summer evenings can be chilly in Edinburgh, especially when you're sitting still.

Celebrate the Coming of Summer at the Beltane Fire Festival

For a taste of Edinburgh's pagan past, check out the Beltane Fire Festival on April 30. This modern revival of an ancient Celtic celebration marks the coming of summer with a spectacular procession up Calton Hill. Elaborately costumed performers, fire dancers, and drummers create an otherworldly atmosphere as they act out the ritual battle between Winter and Summer.

Key Information:

• Location: Calton Hill
• Date: April 30
• Admission: Around £15, tickets must be purchased in advance

Why Visit: Beltane offers a unique glimpse into Scotland's ancient traditions, brought to life in a vibrant, modern celebration.

Insider Tip: The festival can get crowded – arrive early to secure a good viewing spot.

Hike in the Pentland Hills Regional Park

Just a short bus ride from the city center, the Pentland Hills Regional Park offers a taste of the Scottish Highlands without leaving Edinburgh. With over 100km of waymarked paths, it's a paradise for hikers and mountain bikers. The views from the tops of the hills are spectacular, taking in the city, the Firth of Forth, and on a clear day, all the way to the distant Highlands.

Key Information:

• Location: Various access points, including Flotterstone and Threipmuir
• Hours: 24/7
• Admission: Free

Why Visit: The Pentlands offer a chance to experience Scotland's rugged natural beauty just minutes from the city.

Insider Tip: The Flotterstone to Glencorse Reservoir circuit is a good introductory hike with beautiful views.

Stargaze at the Royal Observatory

Perched atop Blackford Hill, the Royal Observatory is not only a working scientific institution but also offers public astronomy evenings. You can peer through powerful telescopes, learn about the cosmos in the Crawford Collection of books and scientific instruments, and enjoy panoramic views of Edinburgh from the hilltop.

Key Information:

• Location: Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ
• Hours: Public events vary, check website for details
• Admission: Public event prices vary

Why Visit: The Observatory offers a chance to explore the night sky and learn about astronomy from experts in the field.

Insider Tip: Even if you can't attend an event, the walk up Blackford Hill for the city views is worth it.

Sample Local Spirits at Edinburgh Gin Distillery

While whisky might be Scotland's most famous export, gin has been making a comeback. The Edinburgh Gin Distillery offers a chance to learn about the history and process of gin making, and of course, sample some of their excellent products. Their gins incorporate unique Scottish botanicals, giving them a distinctive flavor that captures the essence of Edinburgh.

Key Information:

• Location: 1a Rutland Place, Edinburgh EH1 2AD
• Hours: Tours run daily, times vary
• Admission: Gin tours from £25

Why Visit: Edinburgh Gin offers a taste of Scotland's booming craft spirits scene in a fun, informative setting.

Insider Tip: Try their seasonal gins – the Christmas Gin is particularly festive.

Learn About Whisky at The Scotch Whisky Experience

No visit to Edinburgh would be complete without delving into the world of Scotch whisky. The Scotch Whisky Experience offers an interactive journey through the whisky-making process, complete with a barrel ride through a virtual distillery. The tour culminates in a tasting session and a visit to the world's largest collection of Scotch whisky.

Key Information:

• Location: The Royal Mile, 354 Castlehill, Edinburgh EH1 2NE
• Hours: 10:00am - 6:30pm daily (later in summer)
• Admission: Silver Tour (1 hour) £19 for adults

Why Visit: The Scotch Whisky Experience offers a fun, accessible introduction to Scotland's national drink.

Insider Tip: Upgrade to the Gold Tour for a more comprehensive tasting experience.

Explore the Port of Leith

Once a separate town, Leith is now Edinburgh's port district and one of the city's most vibrant neighborhoods. It's home to some of Edinburgh's best restaurants, including two Michelin-starred establishments. Take a stroll along the Water of Leith, visit the Royal Yacht Britannia, or enjoy fresh seafood at the Shore. Leith's street art scene is also worth exploring, with murals dotting the area.

Key Information:

• Location: North of Edinburgh city center
• Hours: Varies by attraction
• Admission: Free to explore, individual attraction prices vary

Why Visit: Leith offers a mix of maritime history, culinary excellence, and urban regeneration.

Insider Tip: The Leith Farmers Market, held every Saturday, is great for local produce and street food.

Visit the Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art

Housed in two impressive neoclassical buildings, the Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art is a must-visit for art lovers. The collection includes works by Matisse, Picasso, and many Scottish artists. The sculpture park in the surrounding grounds is a particular highlight, featuring works by Henry Moore and Barbara Hepworth among others.

Key Information:

• Location: 75 Belford Road, Edinburgh EH4 3DR
• Hours: 10:00am - 5:00pm daily
• Admission: Free (some exhibitions may have a fee)

Why Visit: The gallery offers a world-class collection of modern and contemporary art in a beautiful setting.

Insider Tip: Don't miss the Pig Rock Bothy in the grounds, which hosts changing exhibitions and events.

Take a Ghost Tour of Edinburgh's Underground Vaults

Edinburgh's dark history comes to life in the underground vaults beneath South Bridge. These dimly lit chambers have seen centuries of poverty, crime, and allegedly, paranormal activity. Several companies offer ghost tours of the vaults, combining historical facts with spine-tingling tales of hauntings and unexplained phenomena.

Key Information:

• Location: Various starting points, often on the Royal Mile
• Hours: Usually in the evening
• Admission: Around £15 per person

Why Visit: Ghost tours offer a thrilling way to explore Edinburgh's hidden underground spaces and learn about its darker history.

Insider Tip: Mercat Tours offers a daytime vault tour if you prefer your history without the scares.

Structuring Your Edinburgh Trip for a 3-Day Itinerary

Introduction

Edinburgh is a compact city, but it's packed with attractions. This 3-day itinerary will help you make the most of your time, covering the main highlights while also leaving room for some hidden gems. Remember, Edinburgh is a hilly city with lots of stairs and cobblestones, so comfortable walking shoes are a must!

Day 1: Old Town Exploration

• Start your day early at Edinburgh Castle. Arrive before opening to beat the crowds.
• Walk down the Royal Mile, stopping at St. Giles' Cathedral and the Heart of Midlothian.
• Lunch at The Witchery by the Castle for a luxurious Scottish dining experience.
• Explore the underground streets at The Real Mary King's Close.
• End your day with a ghost tour of the underground vaults.

Day 2: New Town and Cultural Attractions

• Begin with a visit to the Scottish National Gallery on The Mound.
• Stroll through Princes Street Gardens and admire the Scott Monument.
• Lunch at The Dome on George Street for a taste of New Town grandeur.
• Spend the afternoon at the National Museum of Scotland.
• Finish with a whisky tasting at The Scotch Malt Whisky Society in Leith.

Day 3: Nature and Hidden Gems

• Start early with a hike up Arthur's Seat for panoramic views of the city.
• Visit the Palace of Holyroodhouse at the foot of the Royal Mile.
• Lunch at Gardener's Cottage for seasonal, locally-sourced fare.
• Spend the afternoon exploring the Royal Botanic Garden.
• End your trip with a sunset stroll along the Water of Leith Walkway.

Remember, this itinerary is just a suggestion. Edinburgh is a city that rewards wandering and discovery, so don't be afraid to deviate from the plan if something catches your eye. Each neighborhood has its own character, from the medieval charm of the Old Town to the Georgian elegance of the New Town and the maritime atmosphere of Leith.

If you have more time, consider day trips to nearby attractions like Rosslyn Chapel (made famous by The Da Vinci Code) or the coastal town of North Berwick. And if you're visiting in August, be prepared for the city to be transformed by the Festival Fringe – it's a unique experience, but it does mean bigger crowds and higher prices.

Whatever your interests, Edinburgh is a city that's sure to captivate. Its blend of history, culture, and natural beauty makes it one of Europe's most enchanting capitals. So raise a glass of whisky (or Edinburgh Gin) and say "Slàinte mhath!" (Cheers!) to your Edinburgh adventure!